Pengaruh Pemahaman Pengembangan Karir Alumni SMK terhadap Work Engagement di Tempat Kerja:
Studi di Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus (KEK) Kabupaten Kendal Jawa Tengah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/irje.v4i4.1272Keywords:
Pemahaman Pengembangan Karir, Keterlibatan Kerja, Ketahanan Kerja, Dedikasi, Konsentrasi KerjaAbstract
Relatif tingginya tingkat turn-over atau pergantian tenaga kerja berasal dari tamatan SMK di Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus (KEK) Kendal, menjadi salah satu isu penting yang mendorong dilakukannya penelitian ini. Sebagai salah satu kebijakan pembangunan ekonomi penting di Kabupaten Kendal, kawasan ini sesungguhnya memberikan peluang kebekerjaan yang sangat besar bagi tamatan SMK, namun peluang kerja ini tentu saja tetap harus diimbangi dengan kualitas tamatan SMK, yang ditunjukkan melalui Keterlibatan-Kerja yang baik di tempat kerja. Studi ini mengambil sampel sebanyak 176 responden, yang merupakan alumni SMK Kabupaten Kendal yang telah bekerja selama ± 6 bulan. Sampel dipilih menggunakan Teknik Purposive Random Sampling, dan data dikumpulkan menggunakan 2 (dua) instrumen Skala Likert, yang mengukur tentang: (1) Pemahaman Pengembangan Karir yang di adaptasi dari Asosiasi Konselor Sekolah Amerika (AKSA) dan Pedoman Pembentukan Pusat Pengembangan Karir bagi siswa SMK, dan (2) faktor Keterlibatan-Kerja yang ditunjukkan melalui Ketahanan Kerja, Dedikasi dan Konsentrasi Kerja. Hasil Anova menunjukkan bahwa ke-6 faktor Pemahaman Pengembangan Karir yang mengukur aspek Peduli Karir (X1), Kesiapan Kerja (X2), Informasi Karir (X3), Identifikasi Tujuan Karir (X4), Pengetahuan Tujuan Karir (X5) dan Keterampilan Tujuan Karir (X6), secara simultan dan sangat signifikan (Sig<0.01) berpengaruh terhadap faktor Ketahanan Kerja (Vigor) sebesar 13,2%, berpengaruh terhadap faktor Dedikasi sebesar 17,8% dan berpengaruh terhadap faktor Konsentrasi Kerja (Absortion) sebesar 10,2%. Dari hasil uji statistik-t, aspek Ketrampilan Tujuan Karir (X6) mampu menjelaskan pengaruhnya terhadap faktor Ketahanan Kerja, Dedikasi dan Konsentasi Kerja (Sig<0,01), Sementara itu pengaruh terhadap faktor Dedikas terhadap Pekerjaan juga dapat dijelaskan oleh faktor Identifikasi Tujuan Karir (X4).
References
Ainsworth, W. J., & Roscigno, V. J. (2005). Stratification, School-Work Linkages and Vocational Education, Social Forces, Volume 84, Issue 1, September 2005, Pages 257–284, https:// doi.org/10.1353/sof.2005.0087.
Ali, M., Mardhapi, D., Koehler, T. (2019). Identification Key Factor in Link and Match Between Technical and Vocational Education and Training with Industry Needs in Indonesia. International Conference on Online and Blended Learning. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 440.
Azman, A., Simatupang, W., Karudin, A., & Dakhi, O. (2020). Link and match policy in vocational education to address the problem of unemployment. International journal of multi science, 1(07), 76-85.
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2008). Towards a model of work engagement. Career development international, 13(3), 209-223.
Bakker, A. B., Schaufeli, W. B., Leiter, M. P., & Taris, T. W. (2008). Work engagement: An emerging concept in occupational health psychology. Work & Stress, 22(3), 187–200. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/02678370802393649
Brown, S., dan Lent, R. (2021). Career Development and Counselling-Putting Theory and Research to Work. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
Dewi, R., Kustono, D., Yoto., Isnandar., Nurhadi, D. (2023). Establishing Link And Match Programs To Increase Graduates’ Competencies Of Vocational High School Center Of Excellent. Journal of Namibian Studies, 37 (2023): 534-551.
Rahayu, A., Wibowo, L. A., & Sulastri, S. (2020). Analysis of link and match policies in improving work readiness of vocational student in West Java. In 3rd Global Conference On Business, Management, and Entrepreneurship (GCBME 2018) (pp. 179-181). Atlantis Press.
Hobfoll, S., Stevens, N., & Zalta, A. (2015). Expanding the Science of Resilience: Conserving Resources in the Aid of Adaptation. Psychological Inquiry: An International Journal for the Advancement of Psychological Theory. 26:2. 174-180. DOI: 10.1080/1047840X.2015.1002377/.
Stromme, B. T., (2020). Vocational and academic decisions in ‘classed’ school environments, Journal of Education and Work. 33:3, 197-211. DOI:10.1080/13639080.2020.1754365.
Kusumawardani, A. N. (2021). Kendal, Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus Pemberi Multiplier Effect bagi Perekonomian Daerah. Retrieved September 18, 2024. From https://www.goodnewsfromindonesia.id/.
Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan RI. (2021). Kemendikbud Luncurkan Merdeka Belajar Kedelapan: SMK Pusat Keunggulan. Retrieved September 10, 2024. From https://www.kemdikbud.go.id/ main/index.php/ blog/2021/03/kemendikbud.
Mahmudah, F. N., & Santosa, B. (2021). Vocational School Alignment Based on Industry Needs. Journal of Vocational Education Studies. Vol 4, No. 1, 2021, pp. 36-45. Universitas Ahmad Dahlan. Yogyakarta. Indonesia.
Özer, Ö., Yöntem, M.K. & Kan, Y. (2021). The Effect of Tree of Life Career Counselling Program on Secondary Schoolers’ Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy, International Journal of Education Technology and Scientific Researches, 6(14), 319-348. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.35826/ijetsar.
Park, H. K., & Yu, J. (2023). Labour market performance gaps and the role of secondary vocational education at Meister High School in Korea, Cogent Education, 10:1, 2168407, DOI: 10.1080/2331186X.2023. 2168407
Mahmudah, F. N., & Santosa, B. (2021). Vocational School Alignment Based-on Industry Needs. Journal of Vocational Education Studies, 4(1).
Zhou, N., Dineke, E H., Tigelaar., Admiraal, W. (2022). Factors influencing the impact of work placement on vocational teachers’ school practice. Educational Studies. DOI: 10.1080/03055698.2022.2069462.
Dewi, R., Kustono, D., Yoto, Isnandar, & Nurhadi. (2023). Establishing Link And Match Programs To Increase Graduates’ Competencies Of Vocational High School Center Of Excellent. Graduate School of Vocational Education, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia
Saraswati, S., & Nugraheni, P. E. (2021). Career Competence and Career Engagement: The Mediating Roles of Career Adaptability. Department of Guidance and Counseling, Faculty of Education. Universitas Negeri Semarang. Proceedings of the 11th Annual International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management Singapore, March 7-11, 2021.
Pohl, S., Battistelli, A., Djediat, A., & Andela, M. (2022). Emotional Support at Work: A key component for nurses’ work engagement, their quality of care and their organizational citizenship behaviour. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2022.100424.
Niles, S., dan Bowlsbey, H. (2009). Career Development Interventions in The 21st Century. 4th Edition. by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Rice, S., Gillis, S., Gundlach, D. M., Driel V. J., Koh, K., & Speldewinde, C. (2024). Vocational teachers in school settings: career pathways and motivations, Journal of Vocational Education & Training, DOI: 10.1080/13636820.2024.2372773.
Sudarsono, B., Listyaningrum, P., Tentama, F., & Ghozali, A. (2024). Developing learning and training within industry model to improve work readiness of vocational high school students. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, Vol. 13, No. 3, June 2024, pp. 1731~1739 ISSN: 2252-8822, DOI: 10.11591/ijere.v13i3.26175.
Kreisman, D., & Stange, K,. (2020). Vocational and Career Tech Education in American High Schools: The Value of Depth over Breadth. Education Finance and Policy, v15 n1 p11-44.
Dislere, V., dan Vronska, N,. (2020). Evaluation of Career Counsellors’ Competences in Career Guidance. Rural Environment. Education. Personality. Vol.13. ISSN 2255-5207. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Latvia. DOI: 10.22616/REEP. 2020.046.
Widayati, A., McCallum, J., Mc Conney, W. A. (2021). Teachers’ perceptions of continuing professional development: a study of vocational high school teachers in Indonesia. Teacher Development, An international journal of teachers' professional development. 25:5, 604-621, DOI:10.1080/ 13664530.2021.1933159 .
Widarnandana, G. D,. (2020). Penyusunan Skala Work Engagement Pada Pegawai di Indonesia. Jurnal Psikologi Mandala Vol. 3 Nomor 1, 15-27, Mei 2019. Universitas Dhyana Bali.
Yoana, Auwalin, I., & Rumayya. (2024). The role of vocational education on unemployment in Indonesia. Cogent Education. 11:1, 2340858, DOI:10.1080/2331186X.2024.2340858.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Ernest Ceti Septyanti, Awalya Awalya, Sinta Saraswati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
